Astronomy and physics education research and comments, think-pair-share (peer instruction) clicker questions, flashcard questions, in-class activities (lecture-tutorials), current events questions, backwards faded scaffolding laboratories, Hake gains, multiple-choice and essay exam questions, indices of discrimination, presentation slides, photos, ephemerae, astronomy in the marketplace, unrelated random sketches and minutiae.
| 0- 8.0 : | ** [low = 4.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ** |
| 16.5-24.0 : | *************** |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ********* [mean = 26.9 +/- 6.9] |
| 32.5-40.0 : | ******** [high = 36.5] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | **** |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ************ |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ******************* [mean = 27.5 +/- 7.3] |
| 32.5-40.0 : | *************** [high = 40.0] |
| 0- 6 : | |
| 7-12 : | **** [low = 9] |
| 13-18 : | **************** |
| 19-24 : | *********************** [mean = 20.5 +/- 4.8] |
| 25-30 : | ******** [high = 27] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ********* |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ************** [mean = 20.6 +/- 6.6] |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ******* |
| 32.5-40.0 : | ** [high = 36.0] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ****** |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ********** [mean = 21.3 +/- 6.4] |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ********** [high = 32.0] |
| 32.5-40.0 : |
