Astronomy and physics education research and comments, think-pair-share (peer instruction) clicker questions, flashcard questions, in-class activities (lecture-tutorials), current events questions, backwards faded scaffolding laboratories, Hake gains, multiple-choice and essay exam questions, indices of discrimination, presentation slides, photos, ephemerae, astronomy in the marketplace, unrelated random sketches and minutiae.
| 0- 6 : | *** [low = 6] |
| 7-12 : | ******* |
| 13-18 : | ******** [mean = 16.2 +/- 6.7] |
| 19-24 : | ***** |
| 25-30 : | *** [high = 30] |
0- 6 :
7-12 : ** [low = 9]
13-18 : **
19-24 : * [mean = 20.3 +/- 7.1]
25-30 : *** [high = 27]
