Astronomy and physics education research and comments, think-pair-share (peer instruction) clicker questions, flashcard questions, in-class activities (lecture-tutorials), current events questions, backwards faded scaffolding laboratories, Hake gains, multiple-choice and essay exam questions, indices of discrimination, presentation slides, photos, ephemerae, astronomy in the marketplace, unrelated random sketches and minutiae.
| 0- 6 : | |
| 7-12 : | **** [low = 9] |
| 13-18 : | ******** |
| 19-24 : | ********************* [mean = 23.3 +/- 5.6] |
| 25-30 : | ******************** [high = 30] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ******* |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ************ [mean = 22.1 +/- 7.8] |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ********** |
| 32.5-40.0 : | **** [high = 40.0] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ***** |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ****** [mean = 20.7 +/- 6.9] |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ***** |
| 32.5-40.0 : | * [high = 33.0] |
| 0- 6 : | |
| 7-12 : | ******** [low = 9] |
| 13-18 : | ************** |
| 19-24 : | ************************* [mean = 19.6 +/- 5.2] |
| 25-30 : | ***** [high = 30] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ** |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ********* |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ********** [mean = 26.3 +/- 7.6] |
| 32.5-40.0 : | *********** [high = 40.0] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | **** |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ******** [mean = 20.1 +/- 6.7] |
| 24.5-32.0 : | *** |
| 32.5-40.0 : | * [high = 36.0] |
