Astronomy and physics education research and comments, think-pair-share (peer instruction) clicker questions, flashcard questions, in-class activities (lecture-tutorials), current events questions, backwards faded scaffolding laboratories, Hake gains, multiple-choice and essay exam questions, indices of discrimination, presentation slides, photos, ephemerae, astronomy in the marketplace, unrelated random sketches and minutiae.
| 0- 8.0 : | |
| 8.5-16.0 : | * [low = 12.0] |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ************* |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ***** [mean = 24.4 +/- 7.3] |
| 32.5-40.0 : | ***** [high = 40.0] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ******* |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ****** |
| 24.5-32.0 : | *************** [mean = 25.4 +/- 8.8] |
| 32.5-40.0 : | ********** [high = 40.0] |
| 0- 6 : | |
| 7-12 : | *** [low = 9] |
| 13-18 : | ******************* |
| 19-24 : | ************* [mean = 19.7 +/- 5.0] |
| 25-30 : | ***** [high = 30] |
| 0- 8.0 : | * [low = 8.0] |
| 8.5-16.0 : | *** |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ********** |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ******** [mean = 24.9 +/- 8.3] |
| 32.5-40.0 : | ****** [high = 40.0] |
| 0- 8.0 : | |
| 8.5-16.0 : | ******** [low = 8.5] |
| 16.5-24.0 : | ***************** [mean = 23.0 +/- 7.0] |
| 24.5-32.0 : | ************ |
| 32.5-40.0 : | ******* [high = 36.5] |
